WAEC Past Questions

WAEC Computer Science 2018
Questions & Answers

40 questions · Correct answers highlighted · 40 with explanations

40 Total Questions
2018 Exam Year
40 With Explanations
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1
Question 1 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which of the following is the brain of the computer?

A. Monitor
B. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
C. Keyboard
D. Hard Disk
Explanation

The CPU, often called the brain of the computer, processes instructions from programs, performs calculations, and controls other hardware components to execute tasks.

2
Question 2 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

The first generation of computers used which of the following as their main component?

A. Transistors
B. Vacuum tubes
C. Integrated circuits
D. Microprocessors
Explanation

First-generation computers (1940s-1950s), like ENIAC, relied on vacuum tubes for switching and amplification, but they were large, power-hungry, and generated excessive heat.

3
Question 3 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

A program written in a high-level language is called:

A. Source code
B. Object code
C. Machine code
D. Byte code
Explanation

Source code is the human-readable version of a program written in a high-level language like Python or Java, which must be compiled or interpreted into machine code for execution.

4
Question 4 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which of the following is an example of an output device?

A. Mouse
B. Printer
C. Scanner
D. Microphone
Explanation

A printer produces a physical copy of digital data as output, such as printed documents or images, allowing users to view information in hard copy form.

5
Question 5 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Binary code uses how many digits?

A. 8
B. 10
C. 2
D. 16
Explanation

Binary code, the fundamental language of computers, uses only two digits: 0 and 1, representing off and on states in electronic circuits.

6
Question 6 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

The process of converting data into information is known as:

A. Input
B. Processing
C. Output
D. Storage
Explanation

Processing involves manipulating raw data through arithmetic or logical operations by the CPU to produce meaningful information, as per the IPO (Input-Process-Output) model.

7
Question 7 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which topology connects all devices in a circle?

A. Bus
B. Star
C. Ring
D. Mesh
Explanation

In a ring topology, each device connects to the next, forming a closed loop where data travels in one direction, allowing efficient transmission but vulnerable to single-point failures.

8
Question 8 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

RAM stands for:

A. Read Access Memory
B. Random Access Memory
C. Run Access Memory
D. Read Only Memory
Explanation

RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile memory that allows fast read/write access to data during program execution, essential for temporary storage of active processes.

9
Question 9 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

An operating system is an example of:

A. Application software
B. System software
C. Utility software
D. Compiler software
Explanation

System software, like operating systems (e.g., Windows), manages hardware and provides a platform for application software, handling tasks such as file management and resource allocation.

10
Question 10 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

The smallest unit of data in a computer is a:

A. Byte
B. Bit
C. Kilobyte
D. Nibble
Explanation

A bit (binary digit) is the smallest unit, representing a single 0 or 1; larger units like nibble (4 bits), byte (8 bits) build upon it.

11
Question 11 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which of the following is used to store data permanently?

A. RAM
B. ROM
C. Cache
D. Register
Explanation

ROM (Read-Only Memory) retains data even without power, used for firmware and boot instructions, providing non-volatile permanent storage unlike volatile RAM or temporary cache/registers.

12
Question 12 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

A spreadsheet software is used for:

A. Word processing
B. Database management
C. Numerical calculations
D. Graphic design
Explanation

Spreadsheets like Microsoft Excel perform numerical calculations, data analysis, and charting through formulas and functions, ideal for financial modeling and statistics.

13
Question 13 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

The internet protocol for sending emails is:

A. HTTP
B. FTP
C. SMTP
D. TCP/IP
Explanation

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) handles the transmission of emails between servers, while HTTP is for web, FTP for files, and TCP/IP is a foundational suite.

14
Question 14 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which key is used to refresh a web page?

A. F1
B. F5
C. Enter
D. Esc
Explanation

The F5 key reloads the current web page in browsers like Chrome or Firefox, updating content without navigating away.

15
Question 15 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

In binary, the decimal number 10 is represented as:

A. 1010
B. 1100
C. 1001
D. 1111
Explanation

Decimal 10 = 8 + 2 = 2³ + 2¹ = 1010 in binary.

16
Question 16 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

A firewall is used for:

A. Printing documents
B. Protecting networks from unauthorized access
C. Storing files
D. Browsing the web
Explanation

A firewall monitors and controls incoming/outgoing network traffic based on security rules, blocking unauthorized access and threats like hackers.

17
Question 17 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which of the following is a secondary storage device?

A. CPU
B. Floppy disk
C. Monitor
D. Keyboard
Explanation

Floppy disks provide non-volatile secondary storage for data retention, unlike primary (RAM) or input/output devices.

18
Question 18 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

The term 'GUI' stands for:

A. Graphical User Interface
B. General User Input
C. Global Utility Index
D. Graphic Utility Interface
Explanation

GUI allows users to interact with computers via visual icons, windows, and menus, making systems more intuitive than command-line interfaces.

19
Question 19 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

In a database, a collection of related fields is called a:

A. Record
B. File
C. Table
D. Query
Explanation

A record (or row) groups related fields (columns) representing a single entity, e.g., a student's name, ID, and grade in a database.

20
Question 20 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which programming language is known as a low-level language?

A. Python
B. Assembly
C. Java
D. C++
Explanation

Assembly language uses mnemonic codes close to machine code, requiring hardware-specific instructions, unlike high-level languages like Python.

21
Question 21 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

The speed of a processor is measured in:

A. Hertz (Hz)
B. Bytes
C. Pixels
D. Bits
Explanation

Processor speed, or clock rate, is measured in Hz (cycles per second), e.g., GHz for billions of instructions per second.

22
Question 22 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

A virus in computing refers to:

A. A hardware component
B. A malicious software program
C. A type of file
D. An input device
Explanation

Computer viruses are self-replicating malware that attach to files or programs, spreading and causing harm like data corruption or system crashes.

23
Question 23 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which of the following is not an example of application software?

A. Microsoft Word
B. Windows 10
C. Adobe Photoshop
D. Excel
Explanation

Windows 10 is system software managing hardware and resources; Word, Photoshop, Excel are applications for specific user tasks.

24
Question 24 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

The binary equivalent of decimal 5 is:

A. 101
B. 110
C. 100
D. 111
Explanation

Decimal 5 = 4 + 1 = 2² + 2⁰ = 101 in binary.

25
Question 25 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

In networking, LAN stands for:

A. Local Area Network
B. Large Area Network
C. Linked Access Network
D. Local Access Node
Explanation

LAN connects devices in a limited area like a home or office for resource sharing, contrasting with WAN for wider areas.

26
Question 26 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

A modem is used to:

A. Store data
B. Connect to the internet
C. Print documents
D. Scan images
Explanation

Modem (modulator-demodulator) converts digital signals to analog for transmission over phone lines or cable, enabling internet connectivity.

27
Question 27 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which file extension is associated with executable files in Windows?

A. .txt
B. .doc
C. .exe
D. .jpg
Explanation

.exe files contain executable code that can run programs or applications directly on Windows systems.

28
Question 28 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

The process of copying files from a backup to the original location is called:

A. Backup
B. Restore
C. Delete
D. Format
Explanation

Restore retrieves data from backups to recover lost or corrupted files, ensuring system continuity after failures.

29
Question 29 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

In HTML, the tag used to create a hyperlink is:

A. <img>
B. <a>
C. <p>
D. <h1>
Explanation

The <a> (anchor) tag creates hyperlinks, with the href attribute specifying the URL, e.g., <a href='https://example.com'>Link</a>.

30
Question 30 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which of the following is a volatile memory?

A. ROM
B. Hard disk
C. RAM
D. CD-ROM
Explanation

RAM loses data when power is off (volatile), used for temporary storage during operation; ROM and disks are non-volatile.

31
Question 31 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

A pixel is the smallest unit in:

A. Sound files
B. Digital images
C. Text documents
D. Binary code
Explanation

A pixel (picture element) is the tiniest addressable unit in a digital image, defined by color and position in a raster.

32
Question 32 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

The fourth generation of computers is characterized by:

A. Vacuum tubes
B. Transistors
C. Microprocessors
D. Integrated circuits
Explanation

Fourth generation (1970s-), like IBM PC, used microprocessors (e.g., Intel 4004) for compact, affordable personal computing.

33
Question 33 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which command is used to copy a file in DOS?

A. DEL
B. COPY
C. REN
D. DIR
Explanation

The COPY command duplicates files, e.g., COPY source.txt destination.txt, basic for file management in DOS.

34
Question 34 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Encryption is used to:

A. Speed up data transfer
B. Secure data by converting it to code
C. Compress files
D. Delete files
Explanation

Encryption scrambles data using algorithms and keys, ensuring confidentiality and integrity during storage or transmission.

35
Question 35 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

In a spreadsheet, the intersection of a row and column is called a:

A. Cell
B. Range
C. Formula
D. Chart
Explanation

A cell, addressed like A1, holds data, formulas, or functions, forming the basic building block of spreadsheets.

36
Question 36 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which of the following is an example of a pointing device?

A. Printer
B. Mouse
C. Keyboard
D. Scanner
Explanation

A mouse is a pointing device that controls cursor movement and selects items on the screen via optical or mechanical sensors.

37
Question 37 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

The World Wide Web was invented by:

A. Bill Gates
B. Tim Berners-Lee
C. Steve Jobs
D. Alan Turing
Explanation

Tim Berners-Lee developed the WWW in 1989 at CERN, creating HTTP, HTML, and URLs to enable hypertext information sharing.

38
Question 38 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

A nibble consists of how many bits?

A. 4
B. 8
C. 16
D. 32
Explanation

A nibble is half a byte, comprising 4 bits, often used to represent hexadecimal digits (0-9, A-F).

39
Question 39 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

Which software is used for creating presentations?

A. Microsoft Word
B. Microsoft PowerPoint
C. Microsoft Access
D. Microsoft Outlook
Explanation

Microsoft PowerPoint designs slide-based presentations with text, images, animations, and transitions for effective communication.

40
Question 40 of 40
WAEC · Computer Science · 2018

The term 'debugging' in programming means:

A. Writing code
B. Finding and fixing errors
C. Compiling code
D. Running the program
Explanation

Debugging identifies, analyzes, and removes bugs (errors) in code using tools like debuggers to ensure reliable software operation.

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