An automatic system is one that
An automatic system, such as an automated factory line or self-driving car, functions independently using pre-programmed instructions and sensors, minimizing the need for human input. This distinguishes it from manual systems requiring constant oversight, enhancing efficiency and reducing errors.
Which of the following features of information is not important for meaningful decision?
Key qualities of useful information include accuracy (error-free), completeness (all relevant data), and timeliness (current and available when needed). Competitiveness relates to market strategy, not inherent information attributes, so it is irrelevant for decision-making reliability.
The microprocessor that controls a washing machine is known as
An embedded computer is a specialized microprocessor integrated into devices like washing machines to manage operations such as cycle timing and sensor responses. Unlike general-purpose mainframes or consoles, it is task-specific and not user-accessible.
Which of the following statements is true about data?
The data-information-knowledge hierarchy states that raw data is processed into meaningful information, which, when contextualized and experienced, becomes knowledge. This progression supports informed decision-making in information systems.
Instructions were written computers using
Early computers used machine language, consisting of binary code (0s and 1s) directly executable by the hardware. Assemblers and mnemonics (assembly language) came later to simplify programming, but initial instructions were purely machine-readable.
Addition and subtraction of numbers in Abacus are done using
The abacus, an ancient calculating tool, uses movable beads on rods within a frame to represent and manipulate numerical values. Beads are shifted to add or subtract, embodying positional notation for arithmetic operations.
In using the slide rule, multiplication that goes off the scale can be corrected by the following approaches except
Flat scales are the standard linear slide rule design prone to scale overflow; corrections involve resetting the slide (A), using circular rules for extended range (B), or folded scales for specific ranges (D). Flat scales do not correct the issue.
The computer’s short-term memory is the
RAM serves as volatile short-term memory, temporarily storing data and instructions for quick CPU access during operation. Unlike the ALU (computations) or control unit (instruction decoding), RAM loses content on power-off.
Which of the following logic devices is considered as equivalent gate?
The NOR gate is a universal (equivalent) gate, capable of implementing any Boolean function alone, using combinations for AND, OR, NOT. Unlike AND or XOR variants, NOR's output inversion enables full logic emulation.
MS Access is an example of
Microsoft Access is a relational DBMS for creating, managing, and querying databases using tables, forms, reports, and SQL. It differs from word processors (e.g., Word), spreadsheets (Excel), or graphics tools (Photoshop).
Which of the following statements explains the function of device drivers? They
Device drivers act as translators between OS and hardware, enabling communication and optimizing device performance (e.g., printer drivers for printing). They do not compile code (A), manage system-wide (B), or handle disk/apps (C).
One usefulness of utility software in the computer is
Utility software includes antivirus tools for detecting and removing malware, safeguarding system integrity. Compilers handle code conversion (A), drivers aid hardware communication (B/D), but malware removal is a core utility function.
Which of the following statements about operating system is false? It
An OS facilitates booting (A), runs apps (C), and allocates resources (D), but storage is finite, limited by hardware; the OS manages but does not provide unlimited capacity.
Which of the following QBASIC arithmetic operations is the last in order of precedence?
In QBASIC (and standard PEMDAS/BODMAS), exponentiation (^) has highest precedence, followed by multiplication/division (* /), then addition/subtraction (+ -) lowest, performed last from left to right. Subtraction exemplifies this final stage.
Which of the following statements is true about the rules of flowcharting?
Flowchart standards (ANSI/ISO) require arrows connecting symbols to indicate sequence and decisions, ensuring clear logic flow. Start/terminal boxes bookend (not C), connectors aid complex charts (B), and flow enters from top/left typically (not D).
In computer programming, it is advised to translate source code into intermediate code to
Intermediate code (e.g., bytecode) separates front-end (analysis, machine-independent) from back-end (synthesis/code gen, target-dependent), allowing portable source across machines while optimizing for specific hardware in synthesis.
A graphic or text in a document or web page that links to another file or object is referred to as
A hyperlink is clickable text/image navigating to another resource (URL/file), enabling web connectivity. Domain names identify sites (A), shortcuts are desktop links (C), icons are graphical representations (D).
Instant messages can be sent with little or no time lag using
Chat rooms (e.g., IRC, modern apps like WhatsApp) enable real-time text/voice messaging with minimal delay. Podcasts are audio broadcasts (A), faxes scan/send documents (B), emails have delivery lags (C).
Which of the following statements is true about preventing phishing?
Phishing exploits deceptive links leading to malware/sites; avoiding clicks from suspicious emails directly prevents credential theft. Antivirus (A) aids but not specific, downloads (C) related but broader, passwords (D) general security.
Which of the following statements is true about star topologies?
In star topology, all nodes connect to a central hub/switch, simplifying management and fault isolation. Node-to-node is mesh (A), linear is bus (C), tree is hierarchical extension (D).
Which of the following statements is true about intranet?
An intranet is a private IP-based network for internal organizational use (e.g., shared resources), restricted to employees. Public access defines internet/extranet (A/D), non-IP rare (C).
The art of checking for errors in a Word document before publishing is referred to as
Proofreading involves final error-checking (spelling, grammar, facts) pre-publication. Editing is broader revisions (A), formatting styles/layout (B), modifying general changes (C).
Columns in MS Access are referred to as
In relational databases like Access, columns define attributes (fields) holding specific data types; rows are records (C), files external (B), tuples synonymous but Access uses fields.
Which of the following application packages is suitable for making budgets?
Spreadsheets (e.g., Excel) excel in calculations, formulas, and charts for budgeting. Word processors handle text (A), graphics visuals (C), DBMS data storage/queries (D).
A collection of computer wires used to identify memory location in a computer is
The address bus carries memory addresses from CPU to RAM, specifying locations for read/write. Data bus transfers actual data (B), system bus encompasses both (A), cables external (C).
Read Only Memory (ROM) contains
ROM stores permanent firmware/boot instructions (e.g., BIOS), non-volatile and unalterable by users. Current programs use RAM (A/D volatile), user instructions vary (C).
What happens when the Shift key is pressed down while deleting a File from the computer? The file is
Shift + Delete bypasses Recycle Bin for immediate permanent deletion, useful for sensitive data. Standard Delete sends to Bin (C), uninstalls apps (A), clipboard copies (D).
Which of the following statements about warm booting is true? The computer
Warm boot (Ctrl+Alt+Del) restarts OS without powering off, reloading into memory while hardware remains powered. Cold boot powers on (B), background irrelevant (A), apps not primary (D).
The ASCII character set represents alphabetical and control characters using numeric code ranging from
Standard 7-bit ASCII encodes 128 characters (0-127), including letters, digits, and controls. Extended 8-bit reaches 256 (0-255), but basic is 0-127.
One example of a file containing reference data which is usually altered is
Price lists are reference files updated frequently due to market changes. Brand names static (A), payroll periodic but transactional (B), stock inventory dynamic but not purely reference (D).
Which of the following statements correctly defines a firewall?
A firewall monitors and controls traffic based on rules, acting as a security barrier. A describes caching/proxy (A), C an index, D a primary key (but columns, not rows).
A user observed that a certain file in a removable storage device changed to a shortcut icon. This implies that
A shortcut icon indicates a link pointing to the original file location, often created for quick access. Corruption (A/C) would show errors, sharing (B) network permissions; here, it's navigational.
Which of the following is a valid file extension for a spreadsheet document?
.xls is the legacy Excel spreadsheet format; .doc Word (A), .ppt PowerPoint (C), .txt plain text (D).
What is the primary function of a compiler in software development?
Compilers convert human-readable high-level code (e.g., C++) to machine-executable binary, optimizing for performance. Interpreters execute directly (A), UI designers tools like Qt (C), networks handled by protocols (D).
Which of the following is a characteristic of a bus topology?
Bus topology links devices sequentially on a single cable (backbone), simple but prone to single-point failure. Star uses hub (A), mesh full connections (C), ring circular (D).
What is the role of an operating system in managing computer resources?
The OS acts as resource manager, scheduling processes, allocating RAM/CPU, and handling I/O for multitasking. Graphics by apps (A), storage hardware-limited (C), networking by protocols (D).
Which of the following is a benefit of using a password manager?
Password managers (e.g., LastPass) encrypt storage, auto-generate strong passwords, and autofill, reducing reuse risks. They enhance security (not A), unrelated to hardware (C) or costs (D).
What is the purpose of a firewall in a computer network?
Firewalls filter inbound/outbound traffic against threats, enforcing security policies. Storage by disks (A), web display browsers (C), input OS/hardware (D).
Which of the following is an example of a utility software?
Disk Cleanup is a Windows utility for freeing space by removing temp files. Word processes text (A), Photoshop edits images (C), Explorer browses web (D).
What is the main advantage of using a multi-user operating system?
Multi-user OS (e.g., Unix, Windows Server) supports concurrent logins/sharing resources, ideal for servers/terminals. Single-user lacks this (A), speed may vary (C), hardware complex (D).
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