Which of the following structures is a protective adaptive feature of the Agama lizard to the environment?
The scaly skin of the Agama lizard provides protection against predators and harsh environmental conditions, such as extreme heat and dryness in its habitat.
Which of the following adapts an insect for feeding?
Jointed appendages, such as mandibles and maxillae, are specialized structures in insects adapted for grasping, chewing, or sucking food, directly aiding in feeding.
What is the genotypic ratio from a cross between Yy and Yy?
A monohybrid cross between Yy and Yy results in a genotypic ratio of 1 YY : 2 Yy : 1 yy, as per Mendelian genetics. The option Yy:2Yy:yy represents this 1:2:1 ratio.
Which of the following is NOT part of the carbon cycle?
Nitrates formation is part of the nitrogen cycle, involving the conversion of nitrogen into nitrates by bacteria. The carbon cycle includes processes like photosynthesis, decomposition, and organic carbon transfer.
In cellular respiration, energy is stored in the form of
Cellular respiration produces energy stored as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy currency in cells, used for metabolic processes.
The principal organ for the manufacture of food in autotrophs is the
The green leaf contains chlorophyll, which captures sunlight to perform photosynthesis, the process by which autotrophs produce food (glucose).
A disease that results from lack of iodine in the diet is
Goitre is caused by iodine deficiency, which impairs thyroid hormone production, leading to swelling of the thyroid gland.
The process whereby some organisms with certain favorable features get established in an area is
Natural selection is the process where organisms with traits best suited to their environment survive and reproduce, becoming established in an area.
The rise and fall of ocean water during the day is referred to as
Tides are the periodic rise and fall of ocean water caused by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun acting on Earth’s oceans.
Which of the following is a producer in an aquatic habitat?
Nymphaea (water lily) is a producer in aquatic habitats, using photosynthesis to produce energy. Diatoms are also producers, but Nymphaea is the best fit among the options.
The relationship that exists between the shark and Remora is
In commensalism, the Remora benefits by attaching to the shark for food scraps and transport, while the shark is neither harmed nor benefited.
The process of shedding the exoskeleton of an arthropod is known as
Ecdysis is the process by which arthropods, such as insects and crustaceans, shed their exoskeleton to allow for growth.
Which of the following is a major cause of constipation in humans?
Lack of roughage (dietary fiber) reduces bulk in the stool, slowing bowel movements and causing constipation.
In mammals, the organ directly on top of the kidney is the
The adrenal gland is located directly on top of the kidney in mammals, producing hormones like cortisol and adrenaline.
An accurate identification of a rapist can be carried out by conducting a
DNA analysis provides a unique genetic profile, making it the most accurate method for identifying individuals in forensic investigations.
An example of a fish that aestivates is
Lungfish can aestivate during dry periods by burrowing into mud and breathing air, entering a dormant state to survive drought.
The opening and closing of the stomata are regulated by
Osmosis controls water movement in guard cells, altering their turgidity to open or close stomata, regulating gas exchange and water loss.
Which insect is commonly associated with blackflies as a disease vector?
Mosquitoes, like blackflies, are vectors for diseases (e.g., malaria, onchocerciasis) and share similar aquatic larval habitats, making them closely associated.
A crucible of sodium weighed 10g after filling with fresh soil. It is then heated in an oven at 1000°C for 1 hour. After cooling in a desiccator, the weight was 8g. The percentage of water in the soil is
Initial weight = 10g, final weight = 8g. Water weight = 10g - 8g = 2g. Percentage of water = (2g / 10g) x 100 = 20% = 0.2.
The waste product of plants used in the conversion of hide to leather is
Tannin, a plant-derived compound, is used in the tanning process to bind with proteins in animal hides, converting them into leather.
Which of the following is an example of a parasite?
Mistletoe is a parasitic plant that grows on host trees like orange trees, deriving nutrients and harming the host.
A water medium is necessary for fertilization in
Ferns require water for fertilization, as their motile sperm swim through a water film to reach the egg.
An example of a sex-linked trait is the
Facial hair in adult males is a sex-linked trait, influenced by genes on the Y chromosome, which is present only in males.
Which of the following is true of cloning?
Cloning involves asexual reproduction to produce genetically identical copies of an organism, often through tissue multiplication or nuclear transfer.
Which of the following is a primitive respiratory system?
Insects have a primitive respiratory system using tracheae, a network of tubes that deliver oxygen directly to tissues, unlike gills or lungs.
One adaptation shown by hydrophytes in fresh water habitats is the
Hydrophytes have poorly developed roots and xylem due to abundant water availability, reducing the need for extensive water-absorbing structures.
Which of the following results from diffusion as the principal method of gaseous exchange?
Earthworms rely on diffusion through their moist skin for gaseous exchange, lacking specialized respiratory organs like lungs or tracheae.
The theory which supports the view that the large muscles developed by an athlete will be passed on to the offspring was proposed by
Lamarck’s theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics posits that traits developed during an organism’s life, like large muscles, can be passed to offspring.
The chromosomes of members of the kingdom Monera are within the
Monera (e.g., bacteria) lack a true nucleus; their genetic material is located in the cytoplasm as a nucleoid region.
The mangrove swamp in Nigeria is restricted to the
Mangrove swamps in Nigeria are found in the tropical rainforest zones, particularly coastal areas like the Niger Delta, due to high rainfall and tidal influences.
The photosynthetic pigments include
Photosynthetic pigments in plants include chlorophyll (absorbs light for photosynthesis) and carotenoids (accessory pigments that absorb additional wavelengths).
The highest level of ecological organization is the
The biosphere is the highest level of ecological organization, encompassing all ecosystems and living organisms on Earth.
A biotic factor which affects the distribution and abundance of organisms in a terrestrial habitat is
Competition, a biotic factor involving interactions among living organisms, influences the distribution and abundance of species in a terrestrial habitat.
The eye defect that arises because the cornea is not curved smoothly is
Astigmatism results from an unevenly curved cornea, causing blurred or distorted vision at all distances.
Which of the following organisms is an example of a saprophyte?
Mushrooms are saprophytes, feeding on dead organic matter by secreting enzymes to decompose it, unlike ferns, mosses, or pea plants, which are photosynthetic.
Which of the following processes is responsible for the movement of water up the stem of a plant?
Transpiration pull drives water movement up the stem, as water evaporation from leaves creates a suction force that pulls water through the xylem.
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the tropical rainforest?
Tropical rainforests are characterized by high humidity, supporting dense vegetation and high biodiversity due to abundant rainfall.
The process of nitrogen fixation in the soil is carried out by
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobium in root nodules of legumes, convert atmospheric nitrogen into compounds usable by plants.
Which of the following animals is an example of a hermaphrodite?
Earthworms are hermaphrodites, possessing both male and female reproductive organs, allowing mutual fertilization during mating.
Which blood group is known as the universal donor?
Blood group O is the universal donor because it lacks A, B, and Rh antigens, making it compatible with all other blood groups during transfusion.
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