Which structure helps a lizard survive in a dry environment?
Scales reduce water loss and protect lizards in dry environments.
What is the primary sense organ in insects for detecting chemical signals?
Antennae detect chemical signals like pheromones in insects.
A cross between a homozygous dominant tall plant (TT) and a homozygous recessive short plant (tt) produces offspring that are
All offspring are heterozygous (Tt), phenotypically tall due to dominance.
Which process does NOT contribute to the nitrogen cycle?
Photosynthesis is part of the carbon cycle, not the nitrogen cycle.
The energy produced during cellular respiration is stored in
ATP stores energy from cellular respiration for cellular activities.
The part of a plant cell where photosynthesis occurs is the
Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which captures light for photosynthesis.
A deficiency of iron in the human body can lead to
Iron deficiency causes anemia, reducing oxygen transport in blood.
The mechanism by which species evolve through survival of the fittest is
Natural selection involves survival and reproduction of the best-adapted organisms.
Daily fluctuations in ocean water levels are primarily caused by
Tides, driven by gravitational forces, cause daily ocean level changes.
Which organism is a primary producer in a freshwater ecosystem?
Algae produce energy via photosynthesis in freshwater ecosystems.
The relationship between a clownfish and a sea anemone, where the clownfish benefits and the anemone is unaffected, is
Commensalism benefits one organism (clownfish) without affecting the other (anemone).
Which condition is caused by a viral infection?
Measles is caused by a virus, unlike the bacterial diseases listed.
The most common fingerprint pattern in humans is
Loop fingerprints are the most common, comprising 60–70% of patterns.
A deficiency of vitamin B1 can cause
Beriberi results from vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency, affecting the nervous system.
The process by which bacteria convert ammonia into nitrates is
Nitrification converts ammonia to nitrates, making nitrogen available to plants.
The spines on a cactus are primarily an adaptation for
Spines protect cacti from herbivores and reduce water loss.
Which factor most affects the distribution of aquatic organisms?
Temperature and salinity are key abiotic factors for aquatic organism distribution.
In small organisms like Paramecium, gas exchange occurs mainly through
Diffusion enables gas exchange in small organisms due to high surface area.
The brain and spinal cord together form the
The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system.
Which group of animals first developed amniotic eggs for land reproduction?
Reptiles developed amniotic eggs, enabling land reproduction.
The human dental formula is
The human dental formula is I 2/2, C 1/1, PM 2/2, M 3/3.
Excessive thirst and frequent urination may indicate
These symptoms suggest diabetes due to high blood sugar affecting kidneys.
The theory of inherited acquired traits was proposed by
Lamarck suggested acquired traits could be passed to offspring.
Roughage in the diet of herbivores primarily aids
Roughage aids digestion by providing bulk and facilitating gut movement.
Variation among offspring is increased by
Cross-pollination combines genetic material, increasing variation.
The largest taxonomic group in biological classification is
Kingdom is the broadest taxonomic group in classification.
Water movement into plant cells is primarily due to
Osmosis drives water movement into plant cells across membranes.
The sequence of energy transfer in an ecosystem is shown by a
A food chain illustrates the linear energy transfer between organisms.
The organelle responsible for protein synthesis is
Ribosomes translate mRNA into proteins during synthesis.
The biome with long, cold winters and short summers is
The tundra has long winters and short summers with sparse vegetation.
Nigeria’s coastal regions are known for which vegetation?
Mangroves thrive in Nigeria’s coastal brackish waters.
Mating unrelated individuals to increase genetic diversity is called
Outbreeding enhances genetic diversity by mating unrelated individuals.
The smallest unit of life capable of independent existence is
The cell is the smallest unit performing all life functions.
A rich source of vitamin C is
Oranges are high in vitamin C, supporting immunity and skin health.
Which disease is caused by a protozoan parasite?
Malaria is caused by the protozoan Plasmodium, spread by mosquitoes.
The body of a crustacean is typically divided into
Crustaceans have a cephalothorax and abdomen.
Which organism is a decomposer in an ecosystem?
Mushrooms decompose organic matter, recycling nutrients.
The upward movement of water in tall trees is mainly due to
Transpiration pull drives water upward through evaporation from leaves.
Which biome has high rainfall and dense vegetation?
Tropical rainforests have high rainfall and dense, biodiverse vegetation.
The process by which plants lose water through their leaves is called
Transpiration is the loss of water vapor through leaf stomata.
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