Choose the option opposite in meaning to the word underlined: Mr. Jack was most 'flexible' in his instruction
'Flexible' means adaptable, so the opposite is 'rigid', meaning inflexible, fitting the context of Mr. Jack's instruction.
Choose the option opposite in meaning to the word underlined: Mary complained that she slept on the 'coarse' floor
'Coarse' means rough, so the opposite is 'smooth', fitting the context of the floor's texture.
Choose the option opposite in meaning to the word underlined: The Governor 'declined' to give audience to the journalist
'Declined' means refused, so the opposite is 'accepted', fitting the context of giving an audience.
Choose the option opposite in meaning to the word underlined: The lotion recommended by the doctor 'soothed' Okon's aching tooth
'Soothed' means calmed or relieved, so the opposite is 'worsened', meaning made worse, fitting the context of the tooth's condition.
Choose the option opposite in meaning to the word underlined: He was 'locked up' for a fortnight
'Locked up' means imprisoned, so the opposite is 'released', meaning freed, fitting the context of confinement.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: You are 'free to leave' the hall
'Free to leave' means having permission to go, so 'at liberty' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of leaving the hall.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: The discussion became 'animated'
'Animated' means lively or spirited, so 'lively' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of the discussion.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: The musician's popularity is beginning to 'decline'
'Decline' means to decrease, so 'wane' (meaning to diminish) is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of popularity.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: Thompson was a 'prosecution' witness at the court hearing
'Prosecution' refers to the side representing the government in a trial, so 'government' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of the witness.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: His attempts were 'nipped in the bud'
'Nipped in the bud' means stopped early, so 'cut short' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of his attempts.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: 'Watch it'! You could be followed, said the robber
'Watch it' means to be careful, so 'be vigilant' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of the robber's warning.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: The armed robbers who raided passengers on the Expressway 'came to grief' when they had a shootout with the police today
'Came to grief' means met with disaster, so 'came to a bad end' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of the robbers' fate.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: We will surely 'buy' this idea of introducing an entirely new product
'Buy' in this context means to agree with, so 'accept' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of the new product idea.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: Many candidates now apply to read Law because it is a 'lucrative' profession
'Lucrative' means profitable, so 'brings plenty of profit' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of the profession.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: Finally, I assured him that I would not 'go back on my word'
'Go back on my word' means to break a promise, so 'fail to keep my promise' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of assurance.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: Everybody 'respects' the team leader
'Respects' in this context means admires, so 'looks up to' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of the team leader.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: The speaker took his audience 'down memory lane' before he went to the topic of his lecture
'Down memory lane' means reminiscing, so 'recalled events from the past' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of the lecture.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: The new religious leader 'hands out an olive branch'
'Hands out an olive branch' means to offer peace, so 'sues for peace' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of the leader's action.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: The accounts clerk was jailed because he 'cooked the books'
'Cooked the books' means to falsify financial records, so 'falsified the accounts to his advantage' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of the clerk's crime.
Choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase underlined: It is advisable to 'administer' the test in the morning when students are fresh
'Administer' means to conduct or give, so 'give' is the closest in meaning, fitting the context of conducting a test.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: After the accused was found guilty by the court, his counsel .... before sentence was passed
'Made a plea for mitigation' refers to requesting a lighter sentence, fitting the context of the court scenario.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: You had to stand in the corridor all the way? Poor you! I don’t suppose you enjoyed the journey ....?
'I don’t suppose you enjoyed' in the past context requires the tag 'did you', fitting the context of confirming the journey's enjoyment.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: No wonder those plants are dying. They .... any water for ages!
'Haven’t had any water for ages' uses the present perfect to indicate a lack of water up to now, fitting the context of the plants' condition.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: My wife and I met .... on a ship going to Liberia
'My wife and I met each other' is the correct phrase for two people meeting, fitting the context.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: I am .... to another week’s holiday this year after such a tedious job
'Entitled to another week’s holiday' means having the right to, fitting the context of deserving a break.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: The committee was frustrated because the Chief withheld his ....
'Withheld his assent' means did not give approval, fitting the context of the committee’s frustration.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: He did not attend the final burial ....
'Burial rites' is the correct term for funeral ceremonies, fitting the context.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: He missed the point because he took the statement ....
'Took the statement literally' means interpreted it word-for-word, fitting the context of misunderstanding.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: The brave officer .... the time bomb
'Defused the time bomb' means to deactivate it, fitting the context. The original options B and C were identical ('defused'); replaced C with 'detonated' to provide a distinct incorrect option.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: If you want peace, you .... prepared for war
'Had better be prepared' is the correct form for giving advice, fitting the context. Replaced original option A with 'should better' to maintain four distinct options.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: 'We are gradually .... to the end of the programme this afternoon,' remarked the chairman of the wedding reception
'Gradually approaching to the end' means nearing, fitting the context of the programme’s conclusion.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: A number of doctors are not so well-disposed to .... in governmentftig hospitals these days, .... they?
'Not so well-disposed to working' uses the gerund after 'disposed to', and 'are they' is the correct tag for a negative statement, fitting the context.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: We later on discovered that some members .... another meeting before the one advertised
'Had held another meeting' uses the past perfect for an action before another past event, fitting the context of discovery.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: Thank you for the party, we really ....
'Enjoyed ourselves' is the correct reflexive form, fitting the context of expressing gratitude for the party.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: When he had arranged the furniture, he .... the picture on the wall
'Hung the picture' is the correct past tense of 'hang' for objects, fitting the context. Original options B, C, and D were identical ('hung'); replaced C and D with 'suspended' and 'fixed' to provide distinct options.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: I forgot to bring a pen with me. Would you, please, .... me yours?
'Lend me yours' is the correct verb for giving something temporarily, fitting the context of requesting a pen.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: The teacher warned the students to stop .... in the examination hall
'Cheating' is the most appropriate term for an activity the teacher would warn against in an examination hall, fitting the context.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: The politician’s speech was so .... that the audience fell asleep
'Monotonous' means dull and repetitive, fitting the context of causing the audience to fall asleep.
Choose the word(s) or phrase which best fills the gap: She was .... by the sudden noise and dropped her book
'Startled' means suddenly shocked, fitting the context of dropping a book due to noise.
Read the passage and answer the question: Urbanization has transformed societies worldwide, bringing both opportunities and challenges. As rural populations migrate to cities in search of better economic prospects, urban centers have expanded rapidly. This growth has spurred infrastructure development, such as improved transportation and communication networks, fostering economic activity. However, the pace of urbanization often outstrips the ability of governments to plan effectively, leading to overcrowded cities and strained resources. The expansion of cities frequently leads to deforestation, loss of biodiversity, and increased pollution levels. To address these challenges, governments and urban planners are increasingly turning to innovative solutions. Smart city technologies, which utilise data and digital tools to optimize urban systems, are gaining traction. Question: What is one environmental impact of urbanization mentioned in the passage?
The passage states that urbanization leads to deforestation and loss of biodiversity, making option C the correct answer.
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